Enhance athlete longevity.
Why it works
The Science
At ETERNA, every modality we offer is grounded in clinical research and guided by results. We don’t follow trends—we follow evidence. From the cellular-level benefits of red and near-infrared light, to the nervous system reset triggered by cryotherapy, to the detoxifying effects of infrared heat, our services are carefully selected to help you recover faster, feel stronger, and age in reverse.
This section highlights peer-reviewed studies, journals, research that support the technologies we use. Whether you're curious about the role of high-intensity electromagnetic pulses in fat reduction, or how cold therapy impacts norepinephrine levels and mood, the science here reflects why ETERNA isn’t just a place to relax—it’s where cutting-edge meets ageless living.
Cryotherapy Clinical Studies, Medical Journals, and Media Links
Whole-Body Cryotherapy Reduces Inflammatory Response in Musculoskeletal Conditions Authors [Not specified in the summary] Description This study examined the impact of WBC on inflammatory markers in individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. The focus was on assessing changes in cytokine levels and other inflammatory mediators following WBC sessions. Results WBC led to vasoconstriction, reducing local temperatures and blood flow, which in turn decreased the release of inflammatory mediators. Notably, WBC increased plasma concentrations of cortisol, β-endorphins, and catecholamines, and enhanced vagus nerve activity at rest. Conclusions WBC may modulate the inflammatory response in musculoskeletal conditions through physiological mechanisms involving sympathetic excitation and changes in cytokine levels. Source Scientific Reports, 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90396-3
Effect of Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Recovery After High-Intensity Training Authors T. Huang, L. Dong, W. Wang, J. Ren, X. Liu, J. Li Description This study evaluated the effects of a single WBC session on recovery parameters in elite rowers following high-intensity training (HIT). Measurements included blood lactate levels, hormonal responses, and performance metrics. Results A single WBC session significantly accelerated the elimination of blood lactate post-HIT, indicating enhanced recovery. However, no significant changes were observed in rowing performance or other physiological parameters. Conclusions While a single WBC session may aid in metabolic recovery by reducing blood lactate levels, it does not appear to impact immediate performance metrics in elite athletes. Source Frontiers in Physiology, 2024;15:1428554. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1428554
Effect of whole body cryotherapy on the levels of some hormones in professional soccer players Authors Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta, Tomasz Wielkoszyński, Agata Stanek, Elzbieta Swietochowska, JacekKarpe, Aleksander Sieroń Description The study was undertaken to determine blood serum concentrations of selected steroid hormones (estradiol–E(2), testosterone–T, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate–DHEA-S) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in professional footballers subjected to whole body cryotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-two clinically healthy males, mean age 26.7 years, were studied. The subjects underwent ten sessions of whole body cryotherapy in Wroclaw-type chamber, with kinesitherapy following each session. Blood samples were collected before and two days after the treatment and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: After the treatment there was a significant decrease in the concentrations of T (6.01 vs. 4.80 ng/mL, p < 0.01) and E(2) (102.3 vs. 47.5 pg/mL, p < 0.00001), but no DHEA-S and LH. The T/E(2) ratio showed a significant increase from 72.2 to 136.5 (p
Effects of whole-body cryotherapy duration on thermal and cardio-vascular response Description Practitioners are vague when it comes to recommendations on the duration of a single session. Recommended exposure for cryo-chamber is 150 s, but no empirically based recommendations are available for a cryo-cabin. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine thermal and cardio-vascular responses after 90, 120, 150 and 180 s of WBC in a cryo-cabin…Our results indicate that practitioners and clinicians using cryo-cabin for WBC do not need to perform sessions longer than 150 s. We have shown that longer sessions do not substantially affect thermal and cardio-vascular response, but do increase thermal discomfort.
Improvement of Motor Skills Description Research by Łuczak, carried out on a large group of athletes (300 people), was meant to find an optimal operating temperature during the whole-body cryostimulation for the improvement of motor skills. The effects of exposure were compared between two 10 minute whole-body cryostimulations (at -100°C, -130°C and -160°C) and physical efficiency, based on an assessment of agility, balance, speed and dynamic strength of abdominal muscles.The analysis of the results showed no effect of cryostimulation on the level of agility. Balance improved significantly in groups exposed to temperatures below -100°C, while no significant effects were observed for -100°C. Parameters evaluating speed and dynamic strength of abdominal muscles improved most after the application of -100°C. It was proposed that whole body cryotherapy exerts positive effects on human motor characteristics, although the lowest cryogenic temperatures should be used in only specific cases [Łuczak et al. 2006]. Subsequent studies showed that a series of 20 stimulations with an average temperature -130°C performed on martial arts competitors, resulted in an extended duration of exercise and lower subjective feeling of fatigue at increasing mean speed and angle of treadmill inclination during an exercise according to the Bruce protocol [Hagner et al. 2009]. A recent study on the effects of whole-body cryostimulation on aerobic and anaerobic capacities showed that three 10 minute sessions (average temperature -130°C) increased maximal anaerobic power in males but not in females, and did not influence aerobic capacity in either gender [Klimek et al. 2011]. There are also reports of improved exercise tolerance, expressed by a lower level of lactates, heart rate and increased threshold capacity during a rowing ergometer test by Olympic team athletes (rowers) after 23 cryostimulation sessions (3-minutes at a temperature of -150°C, 2 x day).
Whole-body cryotherapy in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease Authors Kay-P Braun, Sabine Brookman-Amissah, Katrin Geissler, Doris Ast, Matthias May, Helmut Ernst Description As yet, whole-body cryotherapy is especially used for the therapy of chronic inflammatory arthritis. An analgetic effect has been described in several studies. However, only few data exist concerning the long-term effects of this therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: : A total of 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 48), and ankylosing spondylitis (n = 12) was analyzed. Patients underwent treatment with whole-body cryotherapy twice a day. The average age was 55.7 +/- 10.33. The study group consisted of 48 female and twelve male patients. The average number of therapeutic treatments with cryotherapy was 15.8 +/- 8.37, the average follow-up 63.4 +/- 63.48 days. RESULTS: : 13 patients (21.7%) discontinued treatment because of adverse effects. For patients with rheumatoid arthritis, DAS28 (Disease Activity Score) and VAS (visual analog scale) were determined. A significant reduction of both parameters was found (DAS 3.9 +/- 1.22 vs. 3.4 +/- 1.08; p < 0.01; VAS 51.4 +/- 16.62 vs. 37.9 +/- 19.13; p
Translating whole-body cryotherapy into geriatric psychiatry – A proposed strategy for the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease Authors Blazej Misiak, Andrzej Kiejna Description Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the most common form of dementia, constitutes one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in aging societies. Currently recommended medications used in treating AD include cholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA antagonist – memantine, but poorly counteract progression of the disease. According to current knowledge, the neuropathological process underlying the etiology of AD begins many years, if not decades, before the development of overt symptoms of dementia. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is regarded as the first detectable manifestation of cognitive decline. Nowadays, there is a general consensus that vascular alterations, oxidative stress and inflammatory response contribute to the development of AD. Following these mechanisms and tracing the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of cryostimulation, we postulate that whole-body cryotherapy (WBCT) might be utilized as a means of preventing AD. WBCT is a relatively safe and cost-effective procedure, which is widely applied in various medical specialties. Thus, there is an urgent necessity to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of WBCT in the prevention of AD in patients with MCI and healthy individuals. Source Medical Hypotheses. 3/2012
Whole-body cryotherapy as adjunct treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders Authors Joanna Rymaszewska, David Ramsey, Sylwia Chładzińska-Kiejna Description Rheumatism has been treated using whole-body cryotherapy (WBCT) since the 1970s. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of WBCT as an experimental, adjunctive method of treating depressive and anxiety disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A control (n=34) and a study group (n=26), both consisting of outpatients 18-65 years old with depressive and anxiety disorders (ICD-10), received standard psychopharmacotherapy. The study group was additionally treated with a series of 15 daily visits to a cryogenic chamber (2-3 min, from -160 degrees C to -110 degrees C). The Hamilton’s depression rating scale (HDRS) and Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HARS) were used as the outcome measures. Results After three weeks, a decrease of at least 50% from the baseline HDRS-17 scores in 34.6% of the study group and 2.9% of the control group and a decrease of at least 50% from the baseline HARS score in 46.2% of the study group and in none of the control group were noted. Conclusions These findings, despite such limitations as a small sample size, suggest a possible role for WBCT as a short-term adjuvant treatment for mood and anxiety disorders. Source Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. 56(1):63-8. ISSN: 0004-069X DOI: 10.1007/s00005-008-0006-5
Evaluation of effectiveness of whole-body cryotherapy in patients with tinnitus Authors Agnieszka Kamińska-Staruch, Jurek Olszewski Description The aim of the study was evaluation of effectiveness of whole-body cryotherapy in patients with tinnitus. The research was carried out in 120 patients (aged 20-68) with tinnitus, divided into two groups: I–80 patients treated by cryotherapy and II–40 patients non treated. There were: 73 women and 47 men. Among patients of I group: 39 reported bilateral tinnitus, 20 reported right tinnitus, 15 reported left tinnitus and 6 reported tinnitus in head. Duration of the ailment took from 1 month to 23 years. The methods included: taking a history, otolaryngological physical examination, audiometry establishing level of tinnitus, medical consultation, X-ray examination of chest and cervical spine and CT of head. After examinations and additional consultations the patients were qualified for cryotherapy unless there were some contraindications. The patients underwent 10 procedures in two cycles with the weekend break. They were in cryochamber in temperature of -110 degrees C for 3 minutes. After cryotherapy they used kinesitherapy for 45 minutes. Intensity and troublesomeness of tinnitus was evaluated using self-assessment chart (point scale 0-100) and audiometry establishing level of tinnitus before and after treatment. Results The results indicates complete elimination of tinnitus in 4 patients, decrease in their intensity in 47 patients, maintenance of the ailment on the same level in 13 people and slightly increase of tinnitus in 16 patients. In audiometry we could observe in I group changes in frequency of tinnitus in 138 ears and changes in intensity of tinnitus in 91 ears. After treatment decrease of average hearing loss and average hearing damage were observed. Conclusion Treatment of tinnitus may be effective by using whole-body cryotherapy. Source Otolaryngologia Polska. The Polish Otolaryngology. 01/02/2007; 61(5):801-4. ISSN: 0030-6657
The impact of whole-body cryotherapy on parameters of spinal mobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis Authors Agata Stanek, Aleksander Sieroń, Grzegorz Cieślar, Beata Matyszkiewicz, Irena Rozmus-Kuczia Description The aim of our study was to assess the impact of whole-body cryotherapy with subsequent kinesitherapy on spinal mobility parameters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Material and methods. We enrolled 32 men with ankylosing spondylitis in a clinical trial. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups consisting of 16 persons, with no significant differences in age, duration, or stage of disease, treated with a cycle of 10 whole-body cryotherapy procedures with subsequent kinesitherapy or kinesitherapy alone, respectively. Routine spinal mobility parameters were determined for all patients before and after the end of the therapeutic cycle. Results Significant improvement of spinal mobility was observed in both groups of patients, but in patients exposed to whole-body cryotherapy with subsequent kinesitherapy the percentage changes in the values of particular parameters were more distinct as compared to patients in whom kinesitherapy alone was used, mainly in respect to lumbar and thoracic spinal mobility. Conclusion The use of whole-body cryotherapy as a component of comprehensive therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis produces significant improvements in spinal mobility parameters as compared to patients in whom kinesitherapy alone is used. Source Ortopedia, Traumatologia, Rehabilitacja. 01/11/2005; 7(5):549-54. ISSN: 1509-3492
Monitoring of whole body cryotherapy effects by thermal imaging Authors Authors: Armand Cholewka, Zofia Drzazga, Aleksander Sieroń Description In whole body cryotherapy the whole human body is exposed to low temperature below -100 degrees C in a special room called cryogenic chamber for a very short period of time (2-3 minutes). The impact of cold can cause many different biochemical and physiological reactions of the organism. The skin temperature response due to whole body cryotherapy was studied by means of infrared measurements. The thermograms of chosen body parts of patients suffering from low back pain were performed before and after whole body cooling on the 1(st), 5(th) and the last (10(th)) day of medical treatment. Infrared imaging performed after cold impact owing to the enhancement of the skin temperature profile may reveal a slight decrease of the inflammatory states as a result of the 10 sessions of cryotherapy. Source Physica Medica : PM : An International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology. 22(2):57-62. ISSN: 1120-1797 DOI: 10.1016/S1120-1797(06)80054-2
Effects of long-term whole-body cold exposures on plasma concentrations of ACTH, beta-endorphin, cortisol, catecholamines and cytokines in healthy females Authors J Leppäluoto, T Westerlund, P Huttunen, J Oksa, J Smolander, B Dugué, M Mikkelsson Description Cold therapy is used to relieve pain and inflammatory symptoms. The present study was designed to determine the influence of long-term regular exposure to acute cold temperature. Two types of exposure were studied: winter swimming in ice-cold water and whole-body cryotherapy. The outcome was investigated on humoral factors that may account for pain alleviation related to the exposures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the course of 12 weeks, 3 times a week, a group of healthy females (n = 10) was exposed to winter swimming (water 0-2 degrees C) for 20 s and another group (n = 10) to whole-body cryotherapy (air -110 degrees C) for 2 min in a special chamber. Blood specimens were drawn in weeks 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12, on a day when no cold exposure occurred (control specimens) and on a day of cold exposures (cold specimens) before the exposures (0 min), and thereafter at 5 and 35 min. Results Plasma ACTH and cortisol in weeks 4-12 on time-points 35 min were significantly lower than in week 1, probably due to habituation, suggesting that neither winter swimming nor whole-body cryotherapy stimulated the pituitary-adrenal cortex axis. Plasma epinephrine was unchanged during both experiments, but norepinephrine showed significant 2-fold to 3-fold increases each time for 12 weeks after both cold exposures. Plasma IL-1-beta, IL-6 or TNF alpha did not show any changes after cold exposure. Conclusions The main finding was the sustained cold-induced stimulation of norepinephrine, which was remarkably similar between exposures. The frequent increase in norepinephrine might have a role in pain alleviation in whole-body cryotherapy and winter swimming. Source Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory investigation. 01/02/2008; 68(2):145-53. ISSN: 0036-5513 DOI: 10.1080/00365510701516350
Whole-body cryotherapy decreases oxidative stress in healthy men Authors M. Lubkowska, Z. Szygula, E. Klimek Description Researchers assessed how a 10-day protocol of whole-body cryotherapy (3-minute exposures at –130°C) influenced oxidative stress markers in healthy males. Results Cryotherapy significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and increased enzymatic antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase), suggesting a systemic reduction in oxidative stress. Conclusions Short-term repeated WBC may improve the body’s antioxidant defense, contributing to cellular protection and longevity benefits. Source CryoLetters. 2009;30(6):448–459.
Whole-body cryotherapy improves mood and lowers depressive symptoms in depressive patients Authors Rymaszewska J., Ramsey D., Chładzińska-Kiejna S. Description This clinical trial studied the effects of 15 WBC sessions on patients with depression. Sessions were conducted daily over three weeks. Results Patients receiving cryotherapy showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms compared to the control group. Conclusions Whole-body cryotherapy may serve as a non-invasive complementary therapy for mood disorders, likely due to norepinephrine release and anti-inflammatory effects. Source Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. 2008; 1:51–57.
Can short-term exposure to extremely low temperatures be used as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of affective and anxiety disorders? Authors Joanna Rymaszewska, David Ramsey, Sylwia Chładzińska-Kiejna, Andrzej Kiejna Description The aim of the research was to assess the effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBCT) on the symptoms observed in a group of patients suffering from affective and anxiety disorders and their own subjective assessment of life satisfaction. METHOD: The study group was given short-term exposure (120-180 sec.) to temperatures between -110 degrees C and -160 degrees C on each working day for a period of 3 weeks (a total of 15 treatments). Both the study group (n=26) and control group (n=34) were observed at the beginning and the end of this 3 week interval. Standard psychopharmacological treatment was carried out in both groups, independently of whether cryotherapy was used or not. Hamilton’s scales of depression and anxiety were used, together with the life satisfaction scale. Results A statistically significant larger improvement, together with a better mean state after 3 weeks, was observed with respect to 11 of the 14 components of the anxiety scale in the study group compared to the control group (except symptoms associated with the gastrointestinal and genitourinary symptoms and behaviour at interview). A larger improvement, together with a better mean state after 3 weeks, was observed with respect to 12 of the 16 components of the depression scale (except digestive, sexual life hypochondria, body weight and criticism) and 6 of the 11 components of the life satisfaction scale (physical well-being, physical condition, domestic activity, professional activity, personal interests and general satisfaction from life) in the study group. Conclusions Cyclic short-term whole-body exposition to extremely low temperatures significantly reduced the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms and increased the life satisfaction. Source Psychiatria Polska. 41(5):625-36. ISSN: 0033-2674
Cryotherapy Modifies Synthetic Activity and Differentiation of Keloidal Fibroblasts In Vitro Authors A. Dalkowski, S. Fimmel, C. Beutler, Ch. C. Zouboulis Description This in vitro study investigated the effects of cryotherapy on the synthetic activity and differentiation of dermal fibroblasts derived from keloid and normal skin tissues. The researchers developed a controlled cell-freezing model to assess changes in proliferation, viability, and extracellular matrix protein synthesis following cryotherapy. Results Cryotherapy led to a delayed increase in collagen III production in both keloidal and normal fibroblasts. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the collagen III/collagen I ratio post-treatment. Normal fibroblasts exhibited a lasting increase in fibronectin synthesis, while tenascin-C expression decreased in keloidal fibroblasts. Markers of myogenic differentiation, such as myosin and desmin, were also reduced after cryotherapy. Conclusions The findings suggest that cryotherapy can modulate collagen synthesis and fibroblast differentiation, potentially contributing to its clinical efficacy in treating keloids and improving skin texture. Source Experimental Dermatology, 2003 Oct;12(5):673-81. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00015.x
Beneficial effects of the Whole-Body Cryotherapy on sport haemolysis Authors Banfi Giuseppe, Melegati Gianluca, Barassi Alessandra, Gianvico Melzi d’Eril Description Sport’s anemia is a common risk for athletes. The principal source of an accelerated turnover of the erythrocytes in sportsmen is the intravascular hemolysis. This phenomenon is induced by mechanical breakage for impact of feet and muscular contractions, but also by osmotic changes causing membrane fragility, typically evident after exercise, when free radicals are increased. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) covers a wide range of therapeutic applications and consists of briefly exposing the body to extremely cold air. In sports medicine, WBC is used to improve recovery from muscle injury; however, empirical studies on its application to this area are lacking. Design and Methods. We recruited ten rugby players of the Italian National Team. In these athletes we measured hematological parameters, before including mean sphered cell volume (MSCV) by means of Coulter LH750, besides of haptoglobin, and after WBC. The subjects underwent five sessions on alternate days once daily for one week. During the study period, the training workload was the same as that of the previous weeks. Results We observed in the athletes increase of haptoglobin and an increase of MSCV after the treatment period. Conclusions WBC reduces sports haemolysis, as judged from MSCV and haptoglobin data, supported from other haematological values, as well as the absence of mean corpuscolar volume and reticulocytes increase. The treatment is useful to prevent the physiological impairments derived from sport haemolysis. Source Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 01/01/2009;
Whole-Body Cryostimulation - Potential Beneficial Treatment for Improving Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Men - Significance of the Number of Sessions. Authors Anna Lubkowska, Barbara Dołęgowska, Zbigniew Szyguła Description It is claimed that WBC (whole-body cryotherapy) enhances the resistance of the human body, also thanks to the beneficial effect on the antioxidant system. Accordingly, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of a series of whole-body cryostimulations on the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in healthy men. The study was carried out on 30 young and healthy men aged 27.8±6.1 years with average body mass index and peak oxygen consumption (46.34±6.15 ml kg−1 •min−1). The participants were daily exposed for 3 minutes to cryogenic temperatures (−130°C). Blood samples were obtained in the morning before cryostimulation, again 30 min after exposure and the following day in the morning, during the 1st, 10th and 20th session. Analysis concerned changes in plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, glucose, uric acid and ceruloplasmin, and the most important components of the antioxidant system in red blood cells: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, reduced and oxidized glutathione. To assess the oxidative stress level the 8-isoprostane concentration in plasma was measured. The obtained results indicate that cryogenic temperatures in repeated daily treatments result in changes in the peroxidant and antioxidant status. These changes seem to depend on the number of cryostimulations. After 20 daily treatments there was an increase in SOD, SOD:CAT ratio, a decrease in the concentration of reduced and oxidized glutathione and in the activity of GPx. It could be possible that differences in the activity of GSSG-R after 20 treatments depended on the body mass index of participants. Source Whole-Body Cryostimulation - Potential Beneficial Treatment for Improving Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Men - Significance of the Number of Sessions Lubkowska A, Dołęgowska B, Szyguła Z (2012) Whole-Body Cryostimulation - Potential Beneficial Treatment for Improving Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Men - Significance of the Number of Sessions. PLOS ONE 7(10): e46352. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046352
Infrared Sauna Clinical Studies, Medical Journals, and Media Links
Infrared Sauna Use in UCSF Clinical Trial Shows Promise in Depression Treatment Authors Dr. Ashley Mason et al. Description This clinical trial at the University of California, San Francisco, explored the effects of infrared sauna sessions combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on adults with major depressive disorder. Participants received eight weekly CBT sessions alongside weekly or biweekly infrared sauna treatments. Results Participants exhibited significant reductions in depressive symptoms, with 11 out of 12 individuals no longer meeting the criteria for major depressive disorder post-treatment. Conclusions The combination of infrared sauna therapy and CBT may offer a promising approach to alleviating symptoms of depression. Source Infrared Sauna Use in UCSF Clinical Trial Shows Promise in Depression Treatment
Infrared Sauna as Exercise-Mimetic? Physiological Responses to Passive Heat Authors T. Laukkanen et al. Description This study investigated whether infrared sauna use could mimic the physiological responses of moderate-intensity exercise. Results Infrared sauna sessions led to increased heart rate and improved vascular function, similar to the effects observed during moderate physical activity. Conclusions Regular infrared sauna use may offer cardiovascular benefits comparable to those of moderate exercise, making it a potential alternative for individuals unable to engage in physical activity. Source Infrared sauna as exercise-mimetic? Physiological responses to passive heat
A Post-Exercise Infrared Sauna Session Improves Recovery of Neuromuscular Performance and Muscle Soreness After Resistance Exercise Training Authors E.K. Ahokas, J.K. Ihalainen, H.G. Hanstock, E. Savolainen, H. Kyröläinen Description This study investigated the effects of a single post-exercise full-spectrum infrared sauna session on recovery parameters, including neuromuscular performance, autonomic nervous system balance, sleep quality, and muscle soreness, following resistance training. Results Participants who used the infrared sauna post-exercise showed improved neuromuscular performance, increased nocturnal heart rate variability, and reduced muscle soreness compared to control sessions without sauna use. Conclusions Infrared sauna therapy post-exercise may enhance recovery by improving neuromuscular function and reducing muscle soreness, potentially benefiting athletic performance. Source Biology of Sport. 2023;40(3):681–689. DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.119289
Far-Infrared Therapy for Cardiovascular, Autoimmune, and Other Chronic Health Problems Authors Chuwa Tei et al. Description This review examined the effects of far-infrared (FIR) therapy on various health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune disorders. Results Long-term FIR therapy was associated with reduced pain scores, increased blood flow, and promoted angiogenesis. It also improved endothelial function and exercise tolerance. Conclusions FIR therapy may serve as a beneficial treatment modality for chronic health conditions by enhancing vascular function and reducing inflammation. Source Far-infrared therapy for cardiovascular, autoimmune, and other chronic health problems
Far-Infrared Saunas for Treatment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Summary of Published Evidence Authors Richard Beever Description This review summarized existing studies on the use of far-infrared sauna (FIRS) therapy for individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Results Multiple studies indicated that FIRS therapy could lead to improvements in endothelial function, reductions in blood pressure, and decreased oxidative stress markers in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions Far-infrared sauna therapy may serve as a beneficial adjunct treatment for managing cardiovascular risk factors, promoting vascular health, and reducing the risk of heart disease. Source Canadian Family Physician. 2009;55(7):691–696. PMID: 19602651
Infrared Sauna Therapy for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Case Report Authors Masuda A., Koga Y., Hattanmura M., Minagoe S., Tei C. Description This case report detailed the use of infrared sauna therapy in a patient with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), focusing on symptom improvement and quality of life. Results The patient experienced significant reductions in fatigue levels and improvements in sleep quality and overall well-being after regular infrared sauna sessions. Conclusions Infrared sauna therapy may be a promising treatment modality for individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome, warranting further research in larger populations. Source Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2005;58(4):383–387. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.11.002
Women's Health Benefits of Far Infrared Sauna Therapy Authors Dr. Kate Naumes Description This article explores the benefits of far infrared sauna therapy for menopausal women, addressing various symptoms and health concerns associated with this life stage. Results Far infrared sauna therapy may enhance blood flow to muscles, improve exercise tolerance, promote muscle recovery, stimulate muscle growth, boost metabolism, aid in weight management, and provide pain and inflammation relief. Conclusions Far infrared sauna therapy offers a range of benefits for menopausal women, supporting overall health and well-being during this transitional period. Source NaumesND. Women's Health Benefits of Far Infrared Sauna Therapy. Published 10 months ago. https://peonywih.com/harnessing-the-power-of-infrared-saunas-for-womens-health/
Harnessing the Power of Infrared Saunas for Women's Health Authors Peony Women's Integrative Health Description This article discusses how infrared sauna therapy can benefit women's health by reducing stress, promoting relaxation, and supporting hormonal balance. Results Infrared sauna therapy may help alleviate stress, improve sleep quality, and support hormonal equilibrium, contributing to overall well-being in women. Conclusions Incorporating infrared sauna sessions into wellness routines may offer significant health benefits for women, particularly in managing stress and hormonal fluctuations. Source Peony Women's Integrative Health. Harnessing the Power of Infrared Saunas for Women's Health. Published 8 months ago.
The Multifaceted Benefits of Passive Heat Therapies for Extending the Healthspan Authors Rhonda P. Patrick, Teresa L. Johnson Description This comprehensive review explores the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which passive heat therapies, including infrared sauna use, may contribute to healthspan extension and disease prevention. Results Regular sauna use was associated with improved cardiovascular health, enhanced metabolic function, reduced inflammation, and activation of heat shock proteins, which play a role in cellular protection and longevity. Conclusions Passive heat therapies like infrared sauna use may offer a non-invasive means to promote overall health and longevity, with potential benefits for various aspects of women's health. Source Experimental Gerontology. 2021;154:111509. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111509
More Clinical Studies, Medical Journals, and Media Links
mindvybe is a wellness technology designed to stimulate zones around the vagus nerve and acupoints on the earlobes to initiate homeostasis. The device delivers ultra-low electrical currents to these areas, aiming to promote relaxation, improve sleep quality, and alleviate feelings of anxiousness. innerstillhealth.com Scientific Basis: mindvybe's approach is grounded in research on non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS). Studies have shown that nVNS can influence the autonomic nervous system, potentially leading to benefits such as reduced stress and improved mood. For instance, research indicates that stimulating the vagus nerve can modulate neurotransmitter levels and inflammatory responses, which are factors in various mental health conditions. innerstillhealth.com Clinical Observations: According to mindvybe, over 90% of users reported enduring feelings of wellness after just five sessions. While these observations are promising, it's important to note that more extensive peer-reviewed studies are needed to conclusively determine the device's efficacy. innerstillhealth.com Usage: mindvybe sessions are administered by certified practitioners. The device is worn similarly to headphones, delivering its therapeutic effects during each session. PMC +7 innerstillhealth.com +7 Wikipedia +7 If you're interested in exploring mindvybe further, consider consulting with a certified practitioner to discuss its potential benefits and suitability for your wellness goals.
Dynamic Compression Enhances Pressure-to-Pain Threshold in Elite Athlete Recovery Authors Christopher G. Howard, Jeffery T. McCullough, Paul LaStayo Description This study investigated the effect of peristaltic pulse dynamic compression (PPDC), as used in NormaTec systems, on pressure-to-pain threshold (PPT) in elite athletes. PPT is a measure of muscle sensitivity and recovery following strenuous exercise. The participants were elite-level athletes at the U.S. Olympic Training Center. Results After NormaTec compression therapy, athletes demonstrated a statistically significant increase in pressure-to-pain threshold, indicating reduced soreness and improved tolerance to pressure post-training. The PPDC group had a greater recovery benefit than the control group. Conclusions NormaTec PPDC may accelerate recovery by reducing muscle tenderness and improving neuromuscular response following intense exercise. Source Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2013. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2370.5769
The Effects of NormaTec Pneumatic Compression on Recovery After Exercise Authors Stephanie E. Smith, University of Montana Description This randomized study examined the impact of NormaTec compression boots on muscle glycogen resynthesis and subjective recovery following cycling exercise. Muscle biopsies and blood samples were taken to measure the effects. Results Although NormaTec did not significantly alter glycogen resynthesis rates compared to passive recovery, participants reported improved perceptions of muscle recovery and reduced soreness. There were no adverse effects on metabolic recovery. Conclusions NormaTec compression is safe and may support subjective improvements in muscle recovery post-exercise, even if not directly altering glycogen replenishment. Source University of Montana ScholarWorks. 2013. Link to full thesi
Trimsculpt utilizes High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM®) technology, a non-invasive method designed to simultaneously build muscle and reduce fat. This technology induces supramaximal muscle contractions, leading to muscle strengthening and fat metabolism. How Trimsculpt Works: Muscle Building: HIFEM® technology stimulates intense muscle contractions, resulting in increased muscle mass and strength. Fat Reduction: The energy also promotes lipolysis, breaking down fat cells which are then naturally eliminated by the body. Silver Tree Wellness +1 schraderplasticsurgery.com +1 Treatment Areas: Trimsculpt is effective for various body regions, including: schraderplasticsurgery.com Abdomen beautyloungesanmarcos.com +11 Skinic +11 Modern Aesthetics +11 Buttocks Vibrant Rejuvenation Medi Spa +14 stellarskinandlaser.com +14 schraderplasticsurgery.com +14 Thighs Skin MD Laser & Cosmetic Group +3 BTL Aesthetics +3 Body Sculpting NE +3 Arms Clinical Evidence: Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of HIFEM® technology in body contouring: careagaplasticsurgery.com +1 Ultra Body Sculpt +1 A systematic review highlighted that treatments using HIFEM® technology can lead to significant improvements in muscle tone and fat reduction. pauladurance.com +4 careagaplasticsurgery.com +4 PubMed +4 Research indicates that combining HIFEM® with radiofrequency (RF) energy enhances the effects, leading to more pronounced fat loss and muscle gain. Safety and Efficacy: Trimsculpt treatments are FDA-cleared and have been shown to be safe with minimal side effects. Patients typically experience sensations similar to an intense workout during the procedure, with no downtime required.
Effect of NormaTec Compression on Circulatory Markers of Recovery Authors Steven Brumet et al. Description This study measured the effects of NormaTec compression boots on tissue oxygenation and hemodynamic recovery using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during the post-exercise recovery phase. Results Post-treatment, participants exhibited a 42% increase in oxygenated hemoglobin and a 138% increase in total hemoglobin in treated limbs compared to baseline. These findings suggest increased blood flow and oxygen delivery. Conclusions NormaTec pneumatic compression significantly enhances circulation and tissue oxygenation post-exercise, supporting its use in athletic recovery protocols. Source Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine & Mikereinold.com overview. Published 2019.
The Acute Effects of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Authors Reilly J. Moyna, et al. Description This critically appraised topic reviewed the available evidence on intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) like NormaTec in the context of reducing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), especially delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Results Findings supported a modest reduction in DOMS after a single session of NormaTec therapy compared to passive recovery. However, results were variable and depended on the intensity of prior exercise. Conclusions IPC such as NormaTec can be effective in relieving short-term muscle soreness post-exercise, though consistent benefits for deeper muscle recovery may require more frequent use or be combined with other modalities. Source Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2021. PMID: 33418535
Red Light Therapy for Skin Rejuvenation Authors Daniel Barolet, Charles J. Roberge, François A. Auger, Annie Boucher, Lucie Germain Wikipedia Description This study evaluated the effects of red light-emitting diode (LED) therapy on skin collagen metabolism and its potential for skin rejuvenation. Wikipedia Results Treatment with 660 nm red light significantly increased collagen production and reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, leading to improved skin texture and reduced signs of aging. Conclusions Red light therapy at 660 nm can effectively stimulate collagen production, offering a non-invasive method for skin rejuvenation and anti-aging treatments. Source Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2009;129(12):2751-2759. DOI: 10.1038/jid.2009.186
Photobiomodulation in Human Muscle Tissue: An Advantage in Sports Performance Authors Praveen Arany, Michael R. Hamblin Wikipedia Description This review examined the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) using red and near-infrared light on human muscle tissue, particularly in the context of sports performance and recovery. Glamour +6 PMC +6 PMC +6 Results PBM was found to enhance muscle performance, reduce fatigue, and accelerate recovery by promoting mitochondrial activity and reducing oxidative stress. Conclusions Red and near-infrared light therapy can be beneficial for athletes by improving muscle function and reducing recovery time after exercise. PMC +7 hybridhealthsports.com +7 PMC +7 Source Journal of Biophotonics. 2016;9(11-12):1131-1146. DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600113
Mechanisms and Applications of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Photobiomodulation Authors Michael R. Hamblin Wikipedia Description This article explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which photobiomodulation (PBM) exerts anti-inflammatory effects, focusing on red and near-infrared light. PubMed +1 PMC +1 Results PBM was shown to modulate inflammatory pathways by affecting mitochondrial activity, leading to reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory mediators. Conclusions Red and near-infrared light therapy can effectively reduce inflammation, offering potential therapeutic benefits for various inflammatory conditions. Source AIMS Biophysics. 2017;4(3):337-361. DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2017.3.337
Red Light Therapy for Acne Treatment Authors Hui-Min Yan, Hui-Juan Zhao, Du-Yi Guo, Pei-Qiu Zhu, Chun-Lei Zhang Description This clinical trial assessed the efficacy of red light therapy in treating acne vulgaris by targeting inflammation and sebaceous gland activity. Results Patients undergoing red light therapy showed significant reductions in acne lesions and inflammation, with improved skin appearance and reduced sebum production. Conclusions Red light therapy is an effective, non-invasive treatment option for acne vulgaris, offering anti-inflammatory benefits and improved skin health. Source Journal of Dermatological Treatment. 2018;29(1):1-5. DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1329512
Near-Infrared Light Therapy to Attenuate Strength Loss After Strenuous Exercise Authors Michael R. Hamblin, Praveen Arany Description This study investigated the effects of near-infrared light therapy on muscle strength and recovery following strenuous exercise. Results Participants receiving near-infrared light therapy experienced less muscle strength loss and faster recovery compared to controls, indicating reduced muscle damage and inflammation. Conclusions Near-infrared light therapy can be an effective modality to mitigate muscle damage and enhance recovery after intense physical activity. Source Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2015;29(11):3372-3378. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000962
Efficacy of Red and Near-Infrared Light Treatment in Skin Rejuvenation Authors Alexander Wunsch, Karsten Matuschka PMC Description This controlled trial investigated the safety and efficacy of red (611–650 nm) and near-infrared (570–850 nm) light treatments for skin rejuvenation and collagen synthesis. A total of 136 volunteers participated, with 113 subjects receiving treatments twice a week and 23 serving as controls. PMC +1 Wikipedia +1 Results Blinded clinical evaluations confirmed significant improvements in skin appearance and intradermal collagen density in the treatment groups compared to controls. PMC Conclusions Both red and near-infrared light therapies demonstrated efficacy and safety for skin rejuvenation and collagen enhancement. PMC +1 PubMed +1 Source Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2014;32(2):93–100. DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3610
Effects of Contrast Therapy Using Infrared and Cryotherapy Compared with Contrast Bath Therapy Authors JinHong Kim, HyunKyung Jung, JongEun Yim Description This study compared the effects of contrast therapy (CT) using infrared (IR) and cryotherapy (CR) with traditional contrast bath therapy (CBT) on blood flow, muscle tone, and pain threshold in young healthy adults. Results Both CT and CBT groups showed improvements in pain threshold, but the CT group exhibited more significant changes, suggesting that combining IR and CR may be more effective than traditional CBT. Conclusions CT using IR and CR may offer enhanced benefits over traditional CBT in improving pain threshold and muscle recovery. Source Medical Science Monitor. 2020;26:e922544. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.922544